农村社区建设中社会动员的现状、问题与对策——来自江西省9个村的实地调查

The Current Situation,Problems and Countermeasures of Social Mobilization in the Construction of Rural Community-Field Survey from 9 Villages in Jiangxi Province

社会动员是引导村民参与社区建设的有效途径,动员方法能够反映农村社区的结构性特质。通过对江西省9个村的实地调研发现,当前农村社区建设主要采用行政动员、项目动员、能人动员和自组织动员四种动员方法。同时发现社区社会动员存在社会动员思路不清晰;社会动员方法欠缺主次;动员能力弱、难以形成持续性的合力;动员结果停留于表象,难以促进村民的价值观以及社区结构的改变;社会动员欠制度化等问题。要提升农村社区的社会动员能力,应该理顺动员思路、加强动员的制度建设与机制建设、培育多元动员主体、注重动员中共同文化观念的塑造。

Social mobilization is an effective way to guide the villagers to participate in the construction of the community. Mobilization method can reflect the structural characteristics of rural communities. The author finds out that the current rural community construction mobilization methods mainly include administrative mobilization,project mobilization,able person mobilization and self organizing mobilization through the field survey of 9 villages in Jiangxi Province. At the same time,the author finds out that community social mobilization has problems of no clear thought; social mobilization methods lack of priorities and secondary considerations; mobilization ability is weak and it is difficult to form a continuous resultant force,the results of mobilization remain in the image and it is difficult to promote the the changes of the villagers＇ values and community structure and social mobilization is not institutionalized. To improve the social mobilization capacity of rural communities,we should strengthen the mobilization ideas and the system construction and mechanism construction of mobilization,to cultivating multiple mobilization subject and focusing on shaping a common culture concept in mobilization.