一本论对陈白沙建构心学体系的意义

Significance of Consubstantial Theory of Human Being and Things for Constructing System of Knowledge of Heart by Chen Baisha

北宋时期,程颢、程颐提出了人与物"一本"的理论,即人与物同根同原,并在此基础上,形成了人与物、心与理、人心与道心、心体与道体均为一体的理论体系。一本论是宋明时期新儒学体系的宇宙论生成论的核心内容。一本论对陈白沙心学产生了重要影响,是陈白沙心学及江门学派理论构架的基础。人与物的关系是陈白沙心学体系的核心关系,陈白沙通过致虚工夫达致了"惟仁与物同体",实现了人与物的贯通,并在此基础上构建了本体自然、承体起用的以"自然之学"为特征的本体论、工夫论体系。既注重对主观性的心体的表述,又注重对客观的道体的表述,是陈白沙心学的显著特征。

In the Northern Song Dynasty,Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao proposed the consubstantial theory of human being and things,and formed the system of the human being and the things,the heart and the logic,the noumenon of hearrt and the noumenon of humanity as one on the foundation of the consubstantial theory of human being and things. The consubstantial theory of human being and things is the cosmic foundation of Chen Baisha＇s knowledge of the heart,and the consubstantial theory of human being and things has an important influence on Chen Baisha. The relationship between the human being and the things is the kerner relationship in the kowledge of heart of Chen Baisha. Chen Baisha achieved the consubstantiality of the benevolence and the things by the way of making empty,and threaded the human being and the things together,and constructed the natural philosophical system of the natural course from noumenon to founction. Laying stress on formulation of both the subjective noumenon of the heart and the objective noumenon of humanity is the marked characteristic of the kowledge of the heart of Chen Baisha.