淀粉/AMPS/DMC高吸水树脂的合成及其吸水保水性能研究

Synthesis of starch/AMPS/DMC super absorbent resin and its properties of water absorbent and retention

以淀粉、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DMC）为原料，（NH4）2S2O8为引发剂，N，N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBAM）为交联剂，通过水溶液聚合法制备高吸水树脂。采用红外光谱和扫描电镜对树脂的结构进行了表征分析。考察了AMPS与DMC比例、pH值以及淀粉、引发剂、交联剂用量等条件对树脂的吸水、吸盐水倍率的影响，结果表明，在最佳条件下，树脂吸水率为698g／g，吸盐水（浓度0．9％）倍率为86g／g。同时，树脂的土壤保水性能结果表明，淀粉／AMPS／DMC高吸水树脂的加入大大改善了土壤的保水性能，当树脂用量为0．25g／50g时，土壤的保水时间后移，不同土壤在自来水中的饱和含水率提高了4．02．5．73倍，在盐水（浓度0．9％）中的饱和含水率提高了1．70~2．04倍。

The superabsorbent was carried out by aqueous solution polymerization,with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propanesulfonic acid （AMPS） and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride （DMC） as raw materials, （NH4 ）2S2O8 as initiator and MBAM as crosslinking agent.The structure of the super absorbent polymer was characterized by IR and SEM.It was investigated that the effects of the ratio of m（AMPS） and m（DMC） ,the pH value and the amount of starch,initiator and crosslinker on absorbency in distilled water and salt water.The results showed that under optimal conditions the resin can absorb 698 times in distilled water and 86 times in salt water with saline concentration of 0.9%.Simuhaneously, studying on the water retention properties of the soil with the resin, the results indicated that the water retention property was greatly raised by adding the starch/AMPS/DMC superabsorbent, and when the resin in an amount of 0.25 g/50 g, the soil water retention was postponed, and the saturated water content of different soil improved 4.02-5.73 times in water and 1.70-2.04 times in salt water with saline concentration of 0.9%.