“知识人”社会角色分类方法的启示——基于开放大学教师专业发展的研究视角

Enlightenment on Classification Methods of Social Roles of the Knowledge Men:Perspectives on Open University Teachers' Professional Development

开放大学教师是谁"、"怎么分类"、"需要什么样的知识"、"职责是什么"等问题,是我国的开放大学教师专业发展所必须回答的基本问题。"知识人"社会角色分类方法包括:"社会圈子"的界定、依赖什么知识系统和参与知识的方式等。按照"知识人"社会角色分类方法对开放大学教师专业发展的四个基本问题进行探析,发现开放大学教师依赖的知识系统是教师知识;相比于传统的教师知识,开放大学教师知识是从学科教学法知识向整合技术学科教学法知识转变,是从传统的知识社区逐渐向开放知识社区转换;开放大学教师以课程为载体来传播知识,以课程团队为"社会圈子",通过课程开发和设计、课程实施、课程评价、课程协调和管理等途径来参与知识。"知识人"社会角色分类方法,把教师角色与知识联系在一起,为开放大学教师专业发展提供了新的思路和参考。

“Who are Open University teachers,how to classify Open University teachers,what kind of knowledge Open Uni-versity teachers require,and what duties the teachers should have” are the questions which should be taken into consideration when Open University teachers’ professional development is discussed. The classification methods of social roles of the men of knowledge include the definition of a social circle,the knowledge system teachers depend on and the way of participating in knowledge develop-ment. With the application of classification methods of social roles of the men of knowledge into four basic questions mentioned above,the findings are as follows：（1） Compared with traditional teachers knowledge,Open University teachers knowledge,a knowl-edge system Open University teachers depend on,has been transformed from Pedagogical Content Knowledge （PCK） into Technolog-ical Pedagogical Content Knowledge （TPACK）,the way to acquiring which is shifted from traditional knowledge community to open knowledge community; （2） Open University teachers, imparting knowledge based on course and setting up a social circle based on a course team, participate in knowledge development and sharing activities by means of course development and design, course imple- mentation, course evaluation, course coordination and course management methods. The classification methods of social roles of the men of knowledge,combining teachers’ roles with knowledge, provides enlightenment on Open University teachers’ professional de-velopment.