基于Matlab的电动汽车ABS仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Electric Vehicle ABS Based on Matlab

随着电动汽车产业的发展,电动汽车保有量迅速增加,电动汽车的行驶安全变得越来越重要。以电动汽车制动系统为研究对象,分析了传统制动系统和装有防抱死制动系统(ABS)车辆制动时参数的变化规律,建立了制动系统的数学模型,利用Simulink对传统制动系统进行了仿真,同时对釆用PID控制策略的防抱死制动系统进行了仿真分析。通过仿真得到了制动时车速、轮速、滑移率、制动距离随时间的变化曲线,通过对比发现装有ABS的制动系统在紧急制动时可以有效縮短制动距离,提高汽车制动过程中的操纵稳定性。

With development of the electric vehicle industries, the quantity of the electric vehicle is increasing year by year,and the safety of the electric vehicle becomes more and more important. In this paper, the braking system of electric vehicle istaken as the research object. The dynamic changes of the vehicle with traditional braking system and with the anti-lock braking system （ABS） are analyzed, and the mathematical model of the braking system is established. The traditional brakingsystem is simulated by using the simulink; while the anti-lock braking system with PID control strategy is analyzed. Throughsimulation, change curves of the speed, the wheel speed, the slip ratio and the braking distance are obtained; it is found bycomparing with the corresponding curves of ABS that the ABS can effectively shorten the braking distance and braking time inthe emergency braking, and improve the operating stability of the automobile braking process.