陕西省12种中药饮片微生物污染调查及风险评估

Investigation and risk assessment of 12 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines microbial contamination in Shaanxi province

目的调查陕西省12种常见中药饮片的微生物污染状况,并评估其潜在风险。方法按照《中国药典》2015年版和《食品安全国家标准》方法对金银花等12种中药饮片进行需氧菌总数(TAMC)、霉菌和酵母菌总数(TYMC)、耐热菌数及控制菌检查。结果中药饮片TAMC>104 cfu·g^(-1)的为70%(84/120),TYMC>102 cfu·g^(-1)的为65%(78/120),耐热菌数>102 cfu·g^(-1)的为49.2%(59/120),预培养处理有助于耐胆盐革兰阴性菌的检出,为75.0%(90/120),大肠埃希菌的检出率为3.33%,铜绿假单胞菌的检出率为7.5%。结论中药饮片微生物污染情况比较严重,卫生质量亟待提高,应建立合理的微生物质量控制标准。

Objective To investigate 12 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines microbial contamination and assess potential risk.Methods According to the methods of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition and national food safety standard.12 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines were evaluated for the determination of total aerobic microbial count（TAMC）,total combined yeasts and molds count（TYMC）,total heat resistant bacteria count and the control bacteria.Results Chinese herbal medicine TAMC10^4 cfu·g^-1 was70%（84/120）,TYMC10^2cfu·g^-1 was 65%（78/120）,heat resistant bacteria number10^2 cfu·g^-1 was 49.2%（59/120）.Preprocessing benefited bile salt resistant Gram-negative bacteria detection,which was 75.0%（90/120）.E.coli detection rate was 3.33%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa detection rate was 7.5%.Conclusion Microbial contamination situation of Chinese herbal medicines was serious,it is necessary to improve the sanitary conditions,and establish reasonable microbial quality control standards.