本地居民对南京青奥会感知的纵向比较研究

A Longitudinal Comparison of Local Residents' Pre-and Post-Games Perceptions of the 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games

以2014年南京青奥会为研究对象,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法及纵向比较法等,对青奥会举办前三个月和举办后三个月的同一居民进行跟踪调查,以社会交换理论及展望理论为理论基础,从本地居民的角度探讨青奥会赛前赛后居民在社会、经济、环境正负方面感知的变化。研究表明:从居民角度,南京青奥会的正面影响大于负面影响,且居民在赛后对青奥会影响的感知水平有所增强;居民在青奥会赛前和赛后感知变化显著的方面包括青奥会对社会的正面影响、青奥会对社会的负面影响和青奥会对经济的负面影响。据此,该研究结果可以为未来我国举办各项大型体育赛事提供建议与参考:(1)加快促进赛事正面影响,加强遏制赛事负面影响;(2)制定长期的后赛事发展战略规划,提高赛后感知水平;(3)适时改变相关政策,提高赛后经济正面影响和环境影响感知。

Taking the 2014 Youth Olympic Games as an example,this paper discussed the local residents＇ perceptions of the Games＇ social,economic,and environmental impacts,both positive and negative. Based on the social exchange theory and prospect theory,the paper analyzed the change in local residents＇ perceptions,and found that positive impacts of the event were greater than negative ones,and that the post-game perception levels were enhanced. Significant differences in perception levels before and after the Games included positive and negative social impacts and negative economic ones. The study offers the following suggestions for future mega sports events：（ 1） bringing into full play the functions of the government;（ 2） increasing the participation of residents;（ 3） controlling the negative impacts of events;（ 4） making practical and feasible strategic plans for post-event development.