基于双层规划模型的生鲜电子商务物流网络设计研究

Research on Fresh Products E- commerce Logistics Network Design Based on Bi- level Programming Model

"最后一公里"是生鲜配送的重要问题,有别于其他产品,生鲜产品易腐,运输过程中需要制冷保鲜,运输成本尤其是末端配送成本远高于其它产品的常温配送,而近年来,越来越多的生鲜电子商务企业通过建立自提点鼓励顾客线下自提的方式降低配送高成本,文中研究生鲜电子商务包括线下自提点布局的配送网络设计问题,构建了基于双层规划的多目标网络优化模型,考虑了客户的选择成本,引入影响客户选择行为的取货距离、价格优惠因素,并采用分层遗传算法求解,同时通过算例分析模型中取货距离与价格优惠参数的变化对物流网络结构与总成本的影响。研究表明,企业成本和客户成本呈负相关关系;企业增加价格折扣和自提点数量可以激励顾客自提;单位运输成本对企业成本影响较大。

＂The last kilometer＂distribution is an important problem for fresh. unlike other products,fresh product is perishable and requirs refrigeration in the process of transportion,transportation costs,especially the terminal distribution cost is much higher than other products under the normal temperature,recently years,more and more fresh e- commerce enterprises establish a line to the point and encourage customers to pick up by themselves to reduce the high distribution cost. In order to make a study about logistics distribution network design problem,include the point of picking up goods by customer layout,this paper build a network optimization model based on the bi- level programming,and to introduce the cost factors influencing the residents＇ choice behavior,including the price and distance. The paper also use a hierarchical genetic algorithm to solve the model,furthermore,through the experiment to analysis the influence of model parameter variation on the logistics network structure and cost,finally,provide reference for operators according to the research. Research shows that business costs and customer costs were negatively correlated; increase the number of points from mentioning and price discounts could encourage customer adopt the self- collection method; unit transportation cost has a great impact on enterprise cost.