非结核分枝杆菌的分布和生长影响因素及其传播途径研究

Habitats, factors influencing distribution and pathway of transmission of nontuberculous mycobacteria

目前文献报道证实的非结核分枝杆菌（nontuberculous mycobacteria，NTM）及其亚群有170多种。人类接触的环境中NTM无处不在，包括自然界的水环境、城市供水系统、饮用水系统、灰尘和土壤等。环境中的NTM对于人类和动物是重要的条件致病菌。为提高对NTM的认识，作者综述了NTM在环境中的分布和影响因素，以及减少NTM暴露量的方法等。

The nontuberculous mycobacteria （NTM） group currently encompasses over 170 individual species that are important environmental opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals. The NTM are normal inhabitants of a variety of environmental habitats that are shared with humans, including natural waters, drinking water distri- bution systems, dust, and soils. In this review, we describe the distribution of NTM in the environment, factors in- fluencing their distribution and methods to reduce numbers of NTM, in order to enrich of our understanding of the NTM.