ICU 医师床旁超声诊断外伤性血腹的临床价值

Clinical value of bedside ultrasonography used by ICU doctor in the diagnosis of traumatic hematocelia

目的：探讨 ICU 医师床旁应用超声在外伤性血腹快速诊断中的价值及应用方案，评价床旁超声在治疗决策中的优势。方法选取2015年6月至2016年5月 ICU 收治的60例外伤性血腹患者为研究对象，患者由经过专业培训的 ICU 医师进行床旁超声检查，比较床旁超声与腹部 CT、腹部 X 线平片对外伤性血腹的检出率，并比较床旁超声、腹部 CT、腹部 X 线平片以及超声科医师超声检查诊断的时间。结果床旁超声对血腹的检出率与腹部 CT 比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）；床旁超声对血腹的检出率高于腹部 X 线平片，差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝73．346，P ＜0．01）；床旁超声获得初步诊断的耗时为（4．37±2．1）min，明显低于超声科医师的检查（13．86±5．6）min、腹部 CT（22．13±6．9）min 和腹部 X 线平片（28．19±7．32）min，差异均有统计学意义（t ＝14．607、21．139、26．338，均 P ＜0．01）。结论由专业培训的 ICU 医师进行床旁超声对外伤性血腹患者能作出更准确的诊断，耗时短，更符合急危重症患者的救治要求，对 ICU 外伤性血腹的早期快速诊断和抢救治疗具有重要的临床价值。

Objective To explore the value of bedside ultrasound used by ICU doctor in the rapid diagnosis of traumatic abdominal,and to evaluate the advantage of bedside ultrasound in the treatment decision.Methods 60 patients with traumatic abdominal blood in our hospital admitted to the ICU were selected.All patients were checked through bedside ultrasonography by physicians with professional training of ICU,bedside ultrasound and abdominal CT and abdominal flat piece of traumatic hematocelia,and compared the diagnosis of the time of the bedside ultrasound,abdominal CT and abdominal X -ray and ultrasound physician ultrasound examination.Results The difference of abdominal blood detection rate between bedside ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomo-graphy （CT）had no statistical significance （P 〉0.05）;bedside ultrasonography of abdominal blood detection rate was higher than plain film of the abdomen,the difference was statistically significant （χ^2 =73.346,P 〈0.01）;bed-side ultrasound received a preliminary diagnosis of time -consuming （4.37 ±2.1）min was significantly lower than that of the examination of ultrasound physicians （13.86 ±5.6）min,abdominal CT （22.13 ±6.9）min and abdominal plain film （28.19 ±7.32）min,the differences were statistically significant （t =3.947,14.607,21.139,26.338,allP 〈0.01 ）.Conclusion By the professional training of ICU physicians for bedside ultrasound traumatic blood abdominal patients can make a more accurate diagnosis,time -shorten,more accord with the requirement of treating critically ill patients in ICU,which has important clinical value for trauma abdominal blood in early rapid diagnosis and treatment.