心理辅导对留守儿童心理健康的影响观察

The influence of psychological counseling on the mental health of children left behind

目的观察心理辅导对留守儿童心理健康的影响。方法根据年龄和性别进行分层抽样,在衡阳市两所小学选取172名留守儿童,85名留守儿童作为干预组,87名留守儿童作为对照组。在干预前后使用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)对两组进行心理健康水平测评;对干预组进行为期三个月、每周一次的心理辅导;对照组不进行任何干预。结果四年级干预组在干预后MHT中的学习焦虑、孤独倾向、自责倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向、冲动倾向、总焦虑7个因子显著低于干预前(P<0.05)。五年级干预组除四年级的7个因子外,对人焦虑因子也显著低于干预前(P<0.05);而对照组四年级和五年级在研究后的MHT量表中除总焦虑因子显著低于研究前外,其余各因子均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,四年级干预后的自责倾向评分明显降低。结论心理辅导有助于促进留守儿童的心理健康。

Objective To explore the effect of psychological counseling on psychological development of children left behind. Methods 85 children left behind as the experimental group and 87 basic left-behind children as control group were selected two primary schools in Hengyang City. The intervention group accepted the weekly psychological counseling for three months, the control group was not given any intervention. Results Seven factors in the in MHT scores after the intervention the fourth grade intervention group were significantly lower than pre-intervention： learning anxiety, loneliness tendency, self-accusation tendency, body symptom, horror tendency, impulsive tendency and the general anxiety factor（P 〈 0.05）. Fifth grade in the intervention group, in addition to seven factors in the fourth grade, the anxiety to people factor is also significantly lower than pre-intervention（P〈0.05）. In the control group, the total anxiety factor of the fourth grade and fifth grade MHT scale was significantly lower than pre-intervention, the remaining factors were not statistically different（P 〉 0.05）. Compared with the control group, the self-accusation tendency scores in the fourth grade decreased obviously. Conclusion Psychological counseling can significantly improve the mental health of children left behind.