立位防护屏在DR立位摄片时防护效果的评估

Evaluation of the Protection Effectiveness of Application of Vertical Protective Shield in DR Photography in Standing Position

目的研究DR立位摄片时使用立位防护屏的防护效果。方法采样体模验证和受检者剂量验证两个试验进行研究。在体模验证实验中,按防护条件不同分为对照组和试验组,使用Barracuda剂量仪测量体模性腺部受到的X射线散射线剂量值。对照组在3个曝光条件(78 kV、16 m As,86 kV、25 m As,90 kV、31.5 mAs)下,无任何防护措施,曝光30次;实验组所采用曝光条件与对照组相同,在立位防护屏分别距体模1 m、0.5 m、0 m的条件下曝光90次。受检者剂量验证试验选取胸部前后位摄片,受检者58人进行临床验证。受检者平均分为两组,A组使用通过穿配铅防护裙进行防护,B组通过立位防护屏进行防护,使用热释光剂量计进行辐射剂量检测。结果体模验证实验中,在3组曝光条件(78 kV、16 mAs,86 kV、25 m As,90 kV、31.5mAs)下,使用立位防护屏防护(防护屏距体模1 m)测得射线剂量(0.127±0.005)μGy、(0.373±0.007)μGy、(0.780±0.136)μGy,显著低于于未使用防护屏时的对应辐射剂量(0.987±0.013)μGy、(2.092±0.326)μGy、(2.389±0.595)μGy(P<0.01);且防护屏距体模越近,防护效果越好。受试者验证实验结果表明,在76 kV、16 m As曝光条件下受检者所测得辐射剂量值(41.087±4.787)μSv与使用铅橡胶性腺防护裙测得剂量值(39.792±4.228)μSv无明显差异(P=0.475>0.05)。结论立位防护屏在受试者进行DR摄影时能起到有效防护的效果,且相对于穿配铅防护裙防护更能有效节省拍摄时间。

Objective To study the protection effectiveness of application of vertical protective shield in DR imaging in standing position. Methods Two experiments were carried out to validate the sampling phantom and the dose of the tested sample. In the phantom validation experiment, the phantom was divided into Control Group and Experiment Group according to the different protection condition. The dose value of the X-ray radiation on phantom＇s gonad was measured by using the Barracuda dose meter. Control Group accepted 30 times of X-ray radiation under 3 exposure conditions（78 kV, 16 m As; 86 kV, 25 mAs; 90 kV, 31.5 m As）, without any protective measures; while, Experiment Group underwent 90 times of X-ray radiation under the same exposure conditions as Control Group, with the vertical protective shield located in 1 m, 0.5 m and 0 m respectively away from the phantom. 58 subjects who underwent anterior and posterior chest radiography were involved in the dose verification test and evenly divided into Group A and Group B. Group A and Group B were protected by wearing a lead protective skirt and vertical protective shield respectively; and the radiation dose of both groups were measured by using thermoluminescence dosimeter. Results Under 3 exposure conditions（78 kV, 16 mAs; 86 kV, 25 mAs; 90 kV, 31.5 mAs） in the phantom experiments, the radiation dose of objects who used vertical protective shielding and located it in 1 m away from the phantom was（0.127±0.005） μGy,（0.373±0.007） μGy and（0.780±0.136） μGy, significantly lower than that without protective shield was（0.987±0.013） μGy,（2.092±0.326） μGy and（2.389±0.595） μGy（P〈0.01）. And the closer protective shield was away from the phantom, the better protection effect would be achieved. The results showed that for the subjects in the experiment who underwent X-ray radiation under the exposure conditions of 76 kV and 16 m As and protected by wearing a lead protective skirt, the measured radiation dose was（41.087±4.787） μSv and（39.792±4.228） μSv respectively, without significant difference（P=0.475〉0.05）. Conclusion The vertical protective shield could effectively protect the subjects from X-ray radiation during DR photography. And it would be more effective and time-saving than the lead protective skirt.