基于温/压传感器的航天器在轨检漏方法研究

Study of the spacecraft on-orbit leak detection method based on the temperature and pressure sensors

航天器在轨运行期间极可能发生泄漏事故,威胁航天员的生命安全,导致航天任务的失败,研究一种在轨检漏方法是有效保障航天器在轨安全的技术手段。利用高精度温度和压力传感器的压力变化检漏方法,分析在轨的影响因素,研究温度补偿和影响因素经验数值扣除的综合处理方法来判断漏率;通过试验验证该方法的有效性和正确性。研究结果表明,基于温/压传感器的在轨检漏方法可有效检测出舱体向外泄漏或气体向舱内泄漏;经试验验证,该综合处理方法可有效排除影响,提高检漏准确性,相对误差可达10%以内。本文的研究结果可有效解决航天器在轨检漏问题,为后续研究奠定基础。

It is possible that leakage accident happens when spacecraft is in orbit. The leakage accident can lead to the space mission failing and astronaut life safe threatening. It is significant for spacecraft safety to find a method of leak detection in orbit. Based on the pressure change, high accurate temperature and pressure sensors were used to detect the leak rate by studying on the temperature adjustment and subtractingempirical value of impact factor analyzed. The method wascorrect and effective as verified by experiment. The study results indicate that the method can test the leakage from cabin to outside and from pipes to cabin. The method of leakage testing data processing can improve the leak detection accuracy, and the relative error is less than 10%. The research conclusions can solve leak detection of the spacecraft in-orbit and provide some references for researches of spacecraft seal safety protection method.