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透皮给药系统在镇痛治疗中的临床应用和治疗进展 被引量:8

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摘要 近年来透皮给药系统以其无需针刺、避免了胃肠道反应、提高了生物利用度等优势被广泛研究。而为了保证镇痛治疗的持续性和有效性,出现了采用透皮给药系统促进止痛药物经皮吸收的新型方法。本文对直流电离子导入技术和超声透皮给药技术促进镇痛药物经皮吸收展开论述,探讨这些技术的安全性和有效性,以及影响药物渗透吸收的因素。传统镇痛常以口服非甾体类抗炎药、局部外用药物或者静脉滴注镇痛药物为主,但分别面临胃肠道反应、镇痛效果有限以及镇痛效果不持续等问题。透皮给药系统(transdermal drugdelivery system,TDDS)是指药物以一定的速率通过皮肤,经毛细血管吸收进入体循环而产生疗效的一类给药系统。与口服给药相比,透皮给药系统由于避免了胃肠道反应和肝脏的首过效应,从而取得了技术上卓越的进步[1]。目前主要是直流电离子导入技术和超声透皮给药技术用于镇痛药物透皮吸收[2]。直流电离子导入技术通过低密度电流转运带电离子促进药物渗透,其优势是可以调节电流控制药物导入速率[3]。超声透皮给药技术通过诱导脂质双分子层结构紊乱促进药物经皮渗透[4],其优势是适用范围广泛,带电离子、非离子化合物、大分子或小分子药物均可被透入皮肤。现就两者在临床中的镇痛效果、安全性等方面展开论述。
作者 袁梦玮 屈云
出处 《中国康复》 2016年第5期396-399,共4页 Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation
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