论《内经》中肾之神为精志

Kidney's spirit is essence in The Canon of Internal Medicine

《内经》中"肾藏志"的观点被普遍接受,但也存在"肾藏精志"的说法。古代医家多依据《难经》中肾有两枚左肾、右命门故可分别藏精与志来理解和应用"肾藏精志"理论,这似乎并非《难经》中"肾藏精与志"的认识基础。道文化中非常重视"精",精为生生循环之性,是生命活动中有无相生的基本动力和根本原因,是道生万物在人生命活动的体现。肾主志是以精为基础,人自强不息的毅力和耐力即源于此。神、魄、魂、意皆是以精为基础而产生。神机和气立所主导的生命活动中升降出入的气化循环,也依赖精的生生循环之性。所以肾藏精志更能反应"五脏藏神"理论中神对身心活动主宰作用的本质内涵。"五脏藏神"理论同样具有天人合一、人天相应的整体观。

The idea that the kidney stores will has been widely accepted,but the taea mat m~ r.~u,,~y sence and will also stands. Ancient doctors use the theory of kidney in storing essence and will on the basis of Nan Jing. In Nan Jing,there are two kidneys on the left and the gate of life on the right, and doctors believed that two kid- neys could store essence and will respectively. However,the deduction above is not necessarily right, Essence is greatly valued in Dao culture,in which essence has the nature of circulatory vitalization, that essence is the fundamental force and essential reason of none in producing being in the life activity, that essence is the presentation of Dao in producing everything in human being＇ s life. Kidney governing the will is based on essence, which are the source of our persist- ence and endurance. Shen, Hun,po, yi were also produced on the basis of essence. Circulatory vaporization which in- corporated ascending,descending,coming- in and going -out in our life is governed by Shenji and Qili. Shenji and Qili also rely on essence. Therefore, the kidney in storing essence and will could reflect the essential meaning of five zang organs in storing spirits which governing the activity of body and mind. The theory that five organs storing spirits also has the holistic views that man is an integral part of nature and man corresponds with nature.