343例慢性支气管炎急性发作期住院患者合并症与自我护理意识差异

Analysis on the complication and self-care consciousness of 343 patients with chronic bronchitis of acute stage

目的通过对南疆小海子垦区唯一的市级医院慢性支气管炎急性发作期住院患者合并症情况分析,了解本垦区民族、性别中合并症的差异性,并探讨以上患者自我护理意识的差异。方法收集第三师图木舒克市人民医院慢性支气管炎急性发作期343例住院患者合并症资料,并调查维汉两族患者的自我护理意识识别率,通过卡方检验分析其构成比差异性。结果 (1)合并陈旧性肺结核:维汉两族在性别方面比较男性发病率均高于女性,其中维族男女发病率差异性更大(P<0.01,OR=0.883);(2)合并陈旧性脑梗死:汉族男女发病率均比维族高,其中两族间男性差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)合并2型糖尿病:民族内比较,维族女性发病率显著高于男性(P<0.01),但汉族男性显著高于女性(P<0.01);同性别比较:维族女性发病率显著高于汉族女性(P<0.01);(4)维汉两族的自我护理意识率差异有统计学意义,以汉族明显高于维族(61.4%vs 33.3%,P=0.000);民族内比较显示维族患者无护理意识率明显高于有意识率(P=0.000),而汉族患者有无自我护理意识率之间无统计学差异(P=0.056)。结论维汉两族在合并陈旧性肺结核、2型糖尿病方面存在显著差异,后者符合疾病的区域性、饮食及生活习惯等规律;维族慢支患者在稳定期的自我护理意识较弱,这与该地区慢支急性发作频率较高有密切联系。

Objective To analyze the complication and self-care consciousness for the 343 patients with chronic bronchitis of acute stage who were hospitalized in Tumushuke People＇s Hospital of Xinjiang. Methods A total of 343 patients with chronic bronchitis of acute stage were enrolled in Tumushuke People＇s Hospital of Xinjiang. The differences in incidence rates of complications, self-care consciousness between the Uyghur and Han nationality were compared through chi-square test.Results（1） Complicated with old pulmonary tuberculosis： Incidence rates of male were higher than female for the 2nationalities.The gender difference was more significant for Uyghur nationality when compared to Han ones（P〈0.01, OR=0.883）;（2） Complicated with old cerebral infarction： Both male and female incidence rates were higher than those in Uyghur nationality, and the difference of male incidence rates between the two nationalities was significant（P〈0.05）;（3） Complicated with diabetes mellitus type 2： The female incidence rates were higher than male ones for Uyghur nationality（P〈0.01）, but male higher than female for Han nationality（P〈0.01）. The female incidence rates in Uyghur nationality were higher than those in Han nationality（P〈0.01）;（4） The rates of self-care consciousness in Han nationality were significantly higher than those in Uyghur nationality（61.4% vs 33.3%,P=0.000）. The non-consciousness rates of self-care were significantly higher than consciousness ones for the Uyghur nationality（P=0.000）, whereas there was no significant difference of self-care rates between consciousness and non-consciousness for Han nationality（P=0.056）. Conclusion The differences of complication rates of old pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus type 2 are significant between Uyghur and Han nationality, which could be due to the factors of region, diet and living habit. The self-care consciousness is weak for patients of Uyghur nationality, and it could be one of the main reasons resulting in the high incidence rates of acute exacerbation for the patients with chronic bronchitis in Tumushuke Xinjiang.