再谈聚焦

Focalization Revisited

本文主要讨论热奈特、米克·巴尔、里蒙·凯南和申丹的聚焦概念。通过对他们的聚焦概念的对比，试图探讨这几位叙事学家的聚焦概念的异同、各自的优点及其概念中的不合理之处。在聚焦概念的发展中，热奈特自然功不可没，而三位女叙述学家虽均受到热奈特影响，但都有自己独到的见解，无论是发展也好，是误读也好，她们对聚焦概念的讨论的确是丰富了叙述学的理论，解决了以前没有解决的问题。

This paper aims to explore the concept of focalization interpreted by Genette, Mieke Bal, Rimmon-Kenan as well as Sheng Dan. Through the comparison of their different understanding of focalization, this paper tries to figure out the differences and similarities of their concepts of focalization so as to find out the advantages and disadvantages of their studies on focalization. Genette made great contributions to the development of the creation and development of the concept. The female narratologists have been greatly influenced by Genette but they also make their own special contribution to promote the development of this concept. They may sometimes misread the original meaning of Genetee＇ s concept but their study has enriched the narrative theory and solved the new problems in narratology.