光电设备载车悬架系统匹配设计与动态测试

Matching Design and Dynamic Test for the Suspension System of Vehicle Optical-electric Equipment

为了提高光电设备载车行驶的平顺性和设备安全性,研究了载车悬架系统匹配设计方法。首先,在忽略油气/空气弹簧非线性特性条件下,推导了载车被动悬架系统的刚体动力学模型,得到了车身位移与路面输入之间的传递函数。其次,基于统计特性给出了随机路面的频域模型,并利用谐波叠加法对路面模型进行重构,进而得到路面时域模型用于仿真分析。然后,基于车体位移传递函数和路面输入模型,推导了车体均方根加速度的表达式,并采用定量分析方法对悬架系统参数进行匹配设计。最后,对悬架系统进行数值仿真,并对整个系统进行动态测试。理论仿真与实测结果基本一致,且均方根加速度值均能满足小于0.2g的指标要求,表明推导的动力学模型能够准确描述载车动力学性能。

In order to improve the ride comfort and security of vehicle, the matching design method for the suspension system of vehicle is investigated. Firstly, the rigid body dynamic model of the suspension system is derived based on the assumption that the nonlinearity of oil-gas spring or air spring is omitted, and then the transfer function between the body acceleration and the road input is obtained. Secondly, the frequency domain model of stochastic roads is introduced based on the statistics property and is reconstructed using harmony superposition method, and then the time domain model of that road is obtained and used to simulation. Then, based on the transfer function and the model of stochastic road, the expression of mean square root acceleration of body is derived and the matching design of the parameters of suspension system is presented using quantitative methods. Finally, the numerical simulation of the suspension system is given and the dynamical test is processed. The results between the simulation and test have a good consistence, and the mean square root acceleration of body is less than the criteria constrain that 〈0.2g, which indicate that the derived model can be used to precisely depict the dynamical property of vehicle.