HIV-1广谱中和抗体及其临床应用

Application of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies in clinical trials

随着抗原特异性B细胞分选和单细胞抗体克隆技术的应用,从2009年至今,已经获得了上百种艾滋病病毒1型(HIV-1)广谱中和抗体(bNAbs),其中大部分抗体针对不同的病毒株显示出具有更广谱更高效的中和活性。在动物实验中,HIV-1bNAbs被动免疫不仅可以抑制病毒感染,减少急性期病毒的潜伏,而且可以延迟或阻止感染者停药后血浆中病毒的反弹,维持抗反转录病毒治疗对病毒的抑制效果。最近bNAbs 3BNC117和VRC01已经应用于Ⅰ期临床人体接种试验研究。文章重点对HIV-1bNAbs的临床试验研究进行综述,这将有利于了解bNAbs在人体临床试验中的安全性和有效性,并为防治策略的制定提供新的思路。

With the application of new techniques for antigen-specific B-cell sorting and single-cell based antibody cloning,hundreds of HIV-1broadly neutralizing antibodies（bNAbs）have been isolated since 2009.Many of them have demonstrated remarkable potency and breadth of reactivity against diverse HIV-1strains.After passive infusion,these bNAbs are not only able to efficiently inhibit HIV-1infection and reduce the viral reservoirs during acute infection in the animal models,but also can delay and/or prevent plasma viral rebound following treatment interruption in the infected individuals whose plasma viraemia is well controlled by antiretroviral therapy.Recently,bNAbs3BNC117 and VRC01were assessed in the phase I clinical trials.In this review,we focus on the clinical trials of HIV-1bNAbs,which will help understand the safety and efficacy of bNAbs in humans,and provide new insights for prevention and treatment strategies.