影响学龄前儿童手术依从性的因素分析及心理干预

Influence factors and psychological intervention of perioperation compliance among school children

目的:探讨学龄前儿童手术依从性的影响因素以及心理干预措施应用的效果和临床价值。方法:对丽水市中心医院进行手术的184例患儿进行单因素分析,从年龄、区域和是否为择期手术方面进行对比,观察手术依从性情况,同时对患儿采取随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,对照组给予常规护理模式,观察组在对照组基础上进行心理护理干预,观察两组护理效果。结果:对患儿进行单因素分析,年龄<5岁、农村患儿、择期手术患儿依从性相对差,组间资料比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿焦虑评分和诱导期合作量表评分均优于对照组,组间资料比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿家属满意度高于对照组,医疗纠纷发生率低于对照组,组间资料比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:影响学龄前儿童手术依从性的因素有年龄、地区和是否为择期手术,对患儿进行积极地心理干预措施能够提高手术依从性,降低患儿焦虑状态,提高家长临床护理满意度,减少医疗纠纷发生,值得在临床上大力推广使用。

Objective To explore the influence factors of preschoolers＇ operation compliance and the effects and clinical significance of psychological intervention. Methods A hundred and eightyfour preschool children who underwent surgical treatment in the Central Hospital of Lishui were chosen as research objects and randomized into observation group and control group. The control group were given conventional nursing, while the observation group received additional psychological intervention. The effects of nursing in two groups were observed and compared. Results Single factor analysis showed that the perioperation compliance of children aged 〈 5 years old, rural children and children with elective surgery was relatively poor. There was statistically significant difference between groups（P〈0.05）. Anxiety scores and the scores of induction compliance checklist in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. There was statistically significant difference between groups（ P〈0.05 ）. The observation group had a higher satisfaction and lower incidence of medical disputes compared with the control group. There was statistically significant difference between groups（P〈0.05）. Conclusions Factors that affect preschoolers＇ perioperation compliance are age, region, and elective surgery. Psychological intervention for children can improve the compliance, relieve children＇s anxiety, promote parents＇ satisfaction with clinical nursing, and reduce medical disputes, which is worthy of promotion in clinic.