过瘤胃氯化胆碱对奶牛生产性能及脂肪代谢的影响

Effect of Rumen-protected Choline Chloride on Performance and Fat Metabolism of Dairy Cows

选择预产期为产前13±2d,胎次为2~3胎、体况相似的健康围产期奶牛30头,随机分为试验组与对照组。两组饲喂相同日粮,试验组日粮中添加过瘤胃氯化胆碱30g/（头·d）;对照组不添加。试验期45d,试验时间为产前15d到产后30d。结果表明：产后15d、30d,试验组产奶量分别较对照组提高5.7%、1.6%,但均未达显著水平（P〉0.05）,两组乳脂率、乳蛋白率差异也不显著（P〉0.05）;产后20d试验组NEFA水平显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,BHBA水平两组相近,试验组各时间点均略低于对照组,在整个试验周期内试验组血清TG水平均高于对照组,在产犊当日差异水平最大,但未达到显著水平。试验结果证明在饲粮中添加过瘤胃氯化胆碱能显著降低血清NEFA水平,并有提高奶牛产奶量的趋势。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rumen protected choline chloride（RPC） on performance and fat metabolism of dairy cows. Thirty cows with similar parity, age, milk yield of the last parity and expected parturition date were randomly assigned to two groups with fifteen cows in each group. Cows in different groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 30g/d RPC, respectively. The experiment lasted for 45 days, which was from 15 days before parturition to 30 days after parturition. The results showed as follows：（1） dietary supplementation of RPC at 30g/d can increased milk yield and the percentages of milk protein. Compare with control group, milk yield of Menoco group was increased 5.7 and 1.6 percent at 15 and 30 days after parturition respectively, the percentages of milk protein of Menoco group was increased 0.09 and 0.03 at 15 and 30 days after parturition respectively.（2） Dietary supplementation of RPC at 30g/d can decreased plasma NEFA plasma BHBA, and increased plasma TG. The plasma NEFA of Menoco group was lower than control group at 15 days after parturition, and significantly lower than control group at 30 days after parturition（P〈0.05）. The plasma BHBA of Menoco group was lower than control group, and the plasma TG of Menoco group was higher than control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of RPC at 30g/d can improve the performance of dairy cows, and regulate fat metabolism.