三种生物制剂在有机蔬菜菜青虫防治中的应用及安全性研究

Application of Three Kinds of Biological Agents in the Prevention and Control of Organic Vegetables Caterpillar and Security Research

以菜青虫为试虫,采用田间药效防治试验,研究了3种生物制剂苦参碱、除虫菊素和苏云金杆菌防治菜青虫的功效和安全性。结果表明:施用0.3%苦参碱AS 3.8~4.5mL·hm-2药后第7天防效高达96.1%,持效期10d;1.5%除虫菊素EW 18~36mL·hm-2第5天防效高达93.3%,作用迅速,持效期7d;16 000IU·mg^(-1)苏云金杆菌悬浮剂375~500g·hm-2第7天防效达95.2%,持效期长达15d。3种生物制剂在有机蔬菜菜青虫防治上安全性高,推荐剂量内没发生药害,对小菜蛾等具有兼防效果;3种药剂在田间自然降解较快,在10~15d内未检出制剂残留。

Pieris rapae was used as tested worm,the efficacy and safety of three kinds of biological agents（matrine,pyrethrins and Bacillus thuringiensis）were detected by the field efficacy experiment.The results showed that 0.3%matrine AS 3.8-4.5mL·hm-2 control effect was as high as 96.1%after seven days,persistent period was ten days.1.5%pyrethrins EW 18-36mL·hm-2 control effect was as high as 93.3%after 5days,effect was rapid,and persistent period was seven days.16 000IU·mg-1 Bacillus thuringiensis suspending agent 375-500g·hm-2 control effect was93.3%after seven days,persistent period was 15 days.The three kinds of biological agents had high security,and no phytotoxicity in the recommended dose,and they also had prevention effect on Plutella xylostella,etc.Three kinds of agents of natural degradation in the field was fast,and the residues were not detected within 10-15 days.