我国输欧被召回服装鞋类的化学危害因素分析(一)

Chemical harmful factors of recalled apparels and footwears exported to Europe(Ⅰ)

近年来,欧盟RAPEX对全球输欧产品的通报数呈现人字形的变化态势,在2015年不仅出现了明显下降,而且我国输欧产品被通报数的下降比例超过了全球对应产品。此外,我国输欧服装鞋类被通报召回的主要危险类型也由化学危害逐渐转向机械伤害类型。被召回的化学危害因素主要集中在禁用偶氮染料、六价铬、邻苯二甲酸酯、富马酸二甲酯和五氯苯酚等,其中涉及禁用偶氮染料主要是致癌芳香胺,包括4-氨基偶氮苯、3、3-二甲氧基联苯胺和联苯胺。因此,企业必须从源头强化清洁生产、加强监控、加快替代、强化检测、严把产品安全关,减少和消除出口服装鞋类被通报和召回事件的发生。

In recent years, the quantity of products which were exported to Europe and were circulated by RAPEX of EU appeared as a herringbone state of change. In 2015, the circulated products appeared a remarkable decrease, and the circulated quantity reached the lowest point. Besides, the main risks of the circulated home made apparels and footwears exported to Europe have gradually transformed from the chemical harmful type into the mechanical harmful type. The chemical harmful factors are mainly concentrated on the forbidden azo dyes, Cr（VI）, phthalates, dimthyl-fumarate and pentachlorophencl etc. The forbidden azo dyes involve the main carcinogenic aromatic amines including p-aminoazobenzene, 3,3＇-dimethoxybenzidine and benzidine etc. Therefore, related Chinese enterprises should carry out clean-production from source, tighten supervision, speed up new product development, eliminate occurrence of circulated and recalled incidents of exported apparels and footwears.