湿热处理改善红薯粉条品质的优化工艺研究

Optimized Technology for Improving Sweet Potato Starch Noodle by Heat-Moisture Treatment

红薯淀粉糊化特性回生值是影响红薯粉条品质的关键因素,湿热改性技术对红薯淀粉粉条品质有明显的改善效果。为了提供一种绿色安全高效生产粉条用的红薯淀粉产品,试验以红薯淀粉回生值为响应值,根据单因素试验结果建立Box-Behnken模型对改性技术进行优化。利用响应面分析法探讨红薯淀粉含水量、湿热处理温度和湿热处理时间3因素对湿热改性红薯淀粉回生值的影响。优化的工艺条件为:红薯淀粉含水量34%、湿热处理温度105.8℃、湿热处理时间1 h。在此条件下得到的湿热改性红薯淀粉制备的粉条品质显著(P<0.01)的优于原红薯淀粉粉条。湿热改性红薯淀粉粉条品质中的断条率比原淀粉粉条下降70%,而粉条硬度和粉条拉伸强度有显著性的增加,由原来的23.91、0.79 N分别增加到30.81 N和1.71 N。结果表明湿热处理不仅使红薯淀粉粉条耐煮不糊汤,而且粉条弹韧性能也增强。研究用响应面法优选出的改性工艺合理可行,为产业化应用提供了参考。

Setback of sweet potato starch gelatinization characteristic is the key factor that influences the quality of sweet potato starch noodle, and the heat -moisture treatment （HMT） has obvious improvement effect on the quali- ty of sweet potato starch noodle. In order to obtain a green, safe and highly efficient sweet potato starch product for the production of vermicelli, taking setback as response value, a Box - Behnken model was established on the basis of single factor experiment results to optimize the modified technique. A response surface analysis was used to investi- gate the effects of water content of starch, heat - moisture treatment temperature and heat - moisture treatment time on setback of heat - moisture modified sweet potato starch. The optimum conditions were obtained with water content of 34%, treatment temperature of 105.8 ℃, and the treatment time of 1 h. The quality of vermicelli prepared by heat - moisture modified sweet potato starch was significantly superior to that of vermicelli prepared by original sweet pota- to starch （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The broken rate of heat moisture modified starch noodle reduced by 70%, the hardness of starch noodle increased from the original 23.91 N to 30.81 N, the tensile strength of starch noodle increased from the original O. 79 N to 1.71 N. Results showed that heat -moisture treatment not only made vermicelli out of pasting, but also increased hardness and tensile strength. Modified technology selected by response surface methodology was rea- sonable and feasible to provide the theory and scientific basis for industrialization application.