中国制造业产业转移变动趋势:2001—2014年

The Transfer Evolution Trend of Manufacture Industry in China: 2001-2014

基于产业转移相对规模系数对我国20个二位数制造业行业2001—2014年产业转移规模进行定量测度,并对其演进态势及特征进行分析。研究发现:我国制造业已经出现由沿海区域向中部区域的大规模转移。在转移次序上,出现了部分技术密集型产业先于劳动密集型产业转移以及部分沿海区域产业越过中部区域直接转移至西部区域的梯度背离现象;在转移规模上,全国范围内,制造业集聚式转移与扩散式转移并存,转移数量与规模逐渐扩大,并在2007—2010年达到顶峰,新时期的制造业转移规模略有缩小。研究同时发现,中国八大区域制造业转移状况各具特色,沿海四个区域的发展速度已减缓,中部区域为承接产业数量最多、规模最大的区域。

Based on the relative scale factor of industrial transfer, the authors measured the transfer scale of 20 two-digit manufacturing industries in the period from 2001 to 2014 in China, and analyzed the trends of dynamic evolution and characteristics of Chinese manufacture. The results indicate that our country＇s manufacturing industry has largely shifted from coastal regions to the central regions of China. On the issue of transfer order, there appeared gradient deviation phenomenon of portion technology-intensive industries transferred prior to the labor-intensive industries, and portion coastal regional industry directly transferred to Western region passing the Central area. On the issue of transfer scale, in the national, agglomeration transfer and diffusion transfer of manufacturing industry coexisted, the number and scale of industries were expanding and peaked in the period from 2007 to 2010, the transfer scale has been slightly reduced in the new era. What＇s more, transfer status of China＇s eight regional manufacturing industries was distinctive, development speed of coastal four regions has slowed down, the central area undertaken the largest number industries and was the largest area to undertake industry.