美国民间组织参与基础教育教师补充的经验及启示——以“为美国而教”为例

The Experience and Enlightenments of American NGOs as an Effective Force to Participate in the Complement of Teacher Resources in Basic Education——The Case of Teach for America

二十世纪八十年代美国对高质量教师需求急剧增加,美国民间组织"为美国而教"应运而生。经过二十余年的发展,该组织已成为美国在基础教育教师补充方面最有影响力的民间教育公益组织,并对缓解美国基础教育领域师资紧缺的压力、促进美国基础教育资源均衡配置和教育公平性的实现起到了积极的作用。梳理和研究"为美国而教"在发展模式、理念设定以及吸纳人才方面的主要经验对我国民间组织在基础教育领域教师补充方面发挥更大的作用具有一定的启示作用。

With the rapid increase of the need for high-quality teachers since 1980s, Teach for America （TFA） as a non-governmental educational non-profit organization was born. The organization has been the most influential non-governmental educational non-profit organization in the field of basic education in U.S. After more than twenty years＇ development, TFA has shown the positive impact on the decrease of pressure from teacher shortages, on the improvement of the appropriate allocation of the resources and on the realization of educational equality in the field of basic education in U.S. It is hoped that the study of TFA＇s experiences on the mode of development, on the design of guiding principles, and on the ways to attract high quality teachers have some significance for the further development of the educational non-profit organizations in the field of basic education in rural areas of China.