景泰绿洲3种小谷物的产草量与牧草营养成分预测

Prediction of forage yield and nutrition of three small grains in Jingtai oasis

为了预测景泰绿洲春小麦(Triticum aestivum)、燕麦(Avena sativa)、黑麦(Secale cereale)的产草量和营养品质,通过田间试验,测得牧产草量、株高和分蘖,室内测定粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分和可溶性碳水化合物,分析各指标之间的相关性。结果表明,收获干草的3种小谷物分蘖和株高均与可溶性碳水化合物之外其它5个营养指标存在显著相关性(P<0.05),模拟轮牧的春小麦和黑麦株高与营养指标均无相关性(P>0.05),燕麦和黑麦的分蘖与6个营养指标均呈显著相关(P<0.05)。建立了根据株高预测产草量和营养品质的模型、用分蘖预测牧草营养品质的模型、用产草量预测牧草营养品质的模型、用分蘖和产草量两个因子综合预测营养品质的模型。经过与实测值对比,各预测模型的准确性均较高。

To predict forage yield and nutritional quality of spring wheat（Triticum aestivum）,oat（Avena sativa）and rye（Secale cereale）,the field experiment was conducted in Jingtai oasis and hay yield.Plant height,tiller density,crude protein,crude fat,NDF,ADF,crude ash and water soluble carbohydrate were determined in 2010,then the relationships among these indicators were analyzed.Under condition of hay harvest of three crops,there were significant relationship among growth indicators（plant height,tiller density,hay yield）and five nutritional indicators（except soluble carbohydrates）.Undersimulated grazing,there were no significant relationships between plant height and nutritional indicators for both spring wheat and rye,but there were significant relationships between tiller density and nutritional indices for oats and rye.In terms of the above,multi-variable regression equations were established to predict the nutritional quality on basis of tiller density and forage yield,which were considerably accurate while being compared with the observed values.