基于2D暂态有限元分析的大功率超导风力发电机优化设计

Optimization of high power HTS wind turbine generator based on 2D finite element transient analysis

为了保持较高的磁密和减小重量,海上大功率风力发电机激磁绕组由YBCO高温超导线圈构成,电枢绕组由Mg B2超导线构成,保持定子铁芯,取消转子铁芯和定子齿,超导激磁线圈和超导电枢绕组均采用非导磁材料构成,构建了10 MW超导风力发电机的模型。利用二维暂态有限元对模型进行暂态磁场的计算,得到了整个模型的磁密分布、电枢绕组的输出电流和输出电压,从而得到了整个模型的结构和电机的长度。同时对输出电压和电流进行傅里叶分析,得到电压和电流的频谱图,最后给出了10 MW超导风力发电机的整体结构。仿真结果表明:超导风力发电机的重量和成本有了较大的降低,输出电压和电流波形质量较好,谐波含有率较低。

Renewable power, such as wind power, has been pay high attention and developed with the depletion of fossil and the increase deterioration of environment. Because of the rich of wind resources in offshore and high cost of installation and maintenance, high power wind turbine is under the attention of many country and researchers. In order to produce high flux density and reduce weight, the field winding was assumed to be made of YBCO tapes while multifilament Mg B2 wires were considered for the armature winding. A 10 MW class synchronous wind turbine generator with both the field and armature windings superconducting was presented. The proposed design was analyzed using a transient finite element based on MAXWELL 14.0. The magnetic field of the whole generator was obtained. The waveform of output voltage and current were given out as the direct results of transient simulation. The output power was calculated easily with higher accuracy based on transient analysis. The spectrum of voltage and current was performed by FFT. The simulation results showed that the effective length of preliminary model could be reduced to 1300 mm and there was no significant harmonic component for voltage and current. The weight and cost of optimized model were all reduced.