12～14岁少年体力活动、心肺耐力与肥胖三者关系

Research on the Relationship among Physical Activity,Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Obesity in Adolescents Between 12 and 14

目的：探讨12~14岁少年体力活动、心肺耐力与肥胖三者间的关系,为促进少年体力活动、限制静坐少动行为提供科学依据。方法：招募288名12~14岁少年（男生111人,女生177人）佩戴加速度计,测量7天体力活动水平,并进行递增负荷实验及肥胖度指标测试。结果：1.受试者不同峰值摄氧量水平分组间体脂指标均存在显著性差异,呈现出峰值摄氧量越低,体脂水平越高的规律;2.男生较大强度体力活动（vigorous intensity physical activity,VPA）与峰值摄氧量呈正相关（P〈0.01）,与体脂百分比、腰围、臀围呈负相关（P〈0.01）,结果独立于静坐少动时间;3.女生持续40min以上静坐时间与峰值摄氧量呈负相关（P〈0.01）,与BMI、体脂百分比、腰围、臀围呈正相关（P〈0.01）,校正中等到大强度体力活动（moderate-tovigorous physical activity,MVPA）后相关性增强。结论：12~14岁少年体力活动、心肺耐力与肥胖的关系为：心肺耐力越高,肥胖率越低;男生较大强度体力活动水平越高,心肺耐力越高、肥胖率越低,且独立于静坐少动行为的影响;女生静坐少动时间越长,心肺耐力越低、肥胖率越高,且独立于体力活动的影响。

Objective To assess the relationship among physical activity,cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity in adolescents between 12 and 14,so as to provide scientific basis for promoting physical activity and limiting sedentary behaviors. Methods A sample of 288 adolescents（111 males and 177 females）was recruited. All of them were evaluated their physical activity level of 7 days wearing an accelerometer,followed by an incremental load experiment and a test of obesity. Results 1. There were significant differences among different VO2 peaklevels of the subjects：the lower level of the VO2peak,the higher level of body fat. 2. Boys＇ vigorous intensity physical activity（VPA）time was positively correlated with VO2peak,and negatively related with the body fat percentage,waist circumference and hip circumference. Moreover,the relationship become stronger after adjusting the sedentary time（P〈 0.01）. 3. Girls＇ continued sedentary time above 40 min was negatively correlated with VO2peak,and positively related with BMI,body fat percentage,waist circumference and hip circumference. The relationship became even stronger if the sedentary time was replaced by moderate-to-vigorous physical activity（MVPA）time（P〈 0.01）. Conclusions Among 12 -14 years old adolescents the higher cardiorespiratory fitness level indicates the lower occurrence of obesity. Moreover,boys＇ vigorous physical activity level is positively correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness,negatively correlated with obesity,but independent of the sedentary time. However,girls＇ sedentary time is negatively correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness,positively related with obesity,but independent of physical activity.