2005—2014年韶关市尘肺病晋期情况分析

Analysis of promoted stages of pneumoniosis in Shaoguan during 2005—2014

目的分析2005—2014年韶关市尘肺病晋期病例特点,为制定尘肺病防治对策提供依据。方法选取2005—2014年韶关市尘肺病晋期病例为研究对象,用SPSS17.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果2005—2014年韶关市累计诊断尘肺病晋级病例238例,总计245例次,男女性别比为58.5:1。煤工尘肺156例(65.6%),矽肺82例(34.4%)。尘肺病晋期以逐级递进为主。晋期病例主要集中在煤炭开采和洗选业,其次为有色金属矿采选业。壹期晋贰期(15.7±6.5)a的实际接尘工龄为(20.1±7.6)a,长于贰期晋叁期(17.2±7.6)a、壹期晋叁期的实际接尘工龄,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。壹期晋贰期煤工尘肺的晋期年限(17.1±5.9)a、实际接尘工龄(30.0±7.0)a长于矽肺的晋期年限(13.7±8.8)a、实际接尘工龄(17.0±8.9)a。贰期晋叁期煤工尘肺的实际接尘工龄(19.4±7.6)a长于矽肺的实际接尘工龄(13.9±6.4)a,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着出生年代、接尘年代的后移,晋期例次呈递减趋势。20世纪50年代开始接尘的晋期例次最多。结论韶关市尘肺病晋期存在一定特点和规律,晋期形势依然严峻,应做好尘肺病的三级预防。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of promoting stage cases of pneumoconiosis in Shaogugn during 2005- 2014, to provide evidence for pneumoconiosis prevention countermeasures. Methods The data on the promoting stage of pneumoconiosis cases in Shaoguan during 2005--2014 were statistically analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software. Results There were 238 accumulated cases （254 case--times） of pneumoconiosis promoting stage in Shaoguan during Pneumoconiosis cases（65.6%）, 82 silicosis（34.4%）. The promoting stages, most cases were mainly step by step mining and Washing industry, then on nonferrous metals 2005- 2014, among them 156 Coal Workers＇ ratio of male to female was 58.5： 1. In terms of escalated, and they mainly concentrated on coal mineral mining and selected industry. The actual years of exposure to dust in the cases of the first stage promoting to the second stage group were （20.1± 7.6） years, longer than the group of the second stage promoting to the third stage （17.2 ± 7.6）years, and also longer than the group of the first stage promoting to the third stage（15.7 ± 6.5）years, showing statistical significance （P（0.05）between them. Time of promoting stage from the first to the second stage in the Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis group was（17. 1 ± 5.9）years, the actual dust--exposed working years was （30.0 ± 7.0）, longer than the time of promoting stage （13.7 ± 8.8） years. The actual dust-- exposed working years were （17.0 ± 8.9）in the silicosis group. The actual dust--exposed working years of the second stage promoting to the third stage in the Coal Workers＇ Pneumoconiosis group was（19.4±7.6）, longer than that in the silicosis group. There were statistical significance （P 〈 0. 05 ） between them. The later of the birth time and the age of beginning to dust exposure, the decreasing of the promoting stage were. The most cases began to be exposed to dust from the 1 950 s. Conclusions The study showed some characteristics of the pneumoniosis promoting stage in Shaoguan. Because of the serious situation of pneumoniosis promoting stage, we should enhance the pneumoconiosis prevention measures.