财产流动性与分布不均等:源于技术进步方向的解释

Property Flows and Unequal Distribution:An Explanation Based on the Direction of Technological Progress

当前我国财产分布不均等现象日益严重,财产流动日趋僵化,与此同时,技术进步愈加表现出资本偏向性,正非对称地改变着要素的生产率和要素报酬。将劳动者能力细分为学习能力和社交能力,构建世代交替模型,考察技术进步方向对财产流动性和分布不均等的影响,结果发现:技术进步方向对财产流动性和分布状况存在显著影响。其中,资本增进型技术水平提升将有助于学习能力占优的家庭财产位次向上跃迁,而使社交能力占优的家庭财产位次下降,并且通过影响劳动者能力,改变财产分布的不均等状况。为此,政府应该重视技术进步方向及劳动者能力变化对财产流动性和分布不均等的影响。

Inequality in China' s property distribution is growing and property flows are slowing down.At the same time,technological progress is showing an increasing capital bias,changing both factor productivity and factor compensation in an asymmetrical way.We have built a generational change model that divides workers' competencies into learning ability and social competence,in order to estimate the effect of the direction of technological progress upon property flows and inequality of distribution.Our findings show that the direction of technological progress exerts a significant influence upon property flows and distribution.In particular,the increased capital intensity of technology helps lift the rank order of family property in those families where learning ability is dominant while lowering the property rank order of families where social competence prevails,changing the inequality of property distribution via its effect upon workers' competencies.Therefore,the government should take into consideration the effect upon property flows and unequal property distribution of both the direction of technological progress and changes in workers' competencies.