日语学习者汉字サ变动词的自他词性习得研究——以自动词为中心

The Study of Chinese Learners' Acquisition of Japanese Nominal Verbs of Chinese Origin—— the Case of Intransitive Verbs

本文针对中日同形的日语汉字サ变动词的自他词性的习得状况,通过问卷调查和访谈的形式对中国日语学习者进行了考察。主要对日语汉字サ变动词中的自动词,按照其所对应的中文动词的词性,分为日语自动词—中文自动词、日语自动词—中文他动词、日语自动词—中文自他两用动词三种类型进行了考察。结果发现,学习者对汉字动词的自他词性的习得较大程度上受到中文动词的词性的影响,同时学习者对事态性质的理解也会影响其对自他词性的判断。另一方面,本次调查也显示,学习者对于日语被动态的意义和用法还没有很好地习得,应在日语教学中加以注意。

This paper studies through questionnaires and interviews Chinese learners＇ acquisition of Japanese intransitive verbs which are borrowed from Chinese without changing their original forms. These intransitive verbs are categorized into three types based on their original use in Chinese： intransitive, transitive, and both. The findings suggest Chinese learners＇ mastery of these verbs depends on their original usage in Chinese; also, the learners＇ contextual understanding plays a role in their understanding of verbs. As the study shows, the learners have not gained a satisfactory understanding of the uses in the passive voice. Therefore, these two parts should receive special attention in Japanese teaching.