不同年龄变应性鼻炎患者使用标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下免疫治疗的疗效评估

Efficacy evaluation of specific sublingual immunotherapy with standardized dust mites drops on different age patients with allergic rhinitis

目的评估舌下免疫治疗(sublingual immunotherapy,SLIT)在不同年龄变应性鼻炎患者的疗效差异。方法回顾性分析229例对粉尘螨过敏的变应性鼻炎患者完成2年或2年以上的SLIT,按年龄分为青春期前组107例,青春期组53例,成人期组69例,组间和组内比较治疗满3个月、1年、2年时疗效评估指标(VAS评分、鼻炎症状评分、用药评分)变化量的差异。结果与治疗前相比,SLIT治疗3个月、1年、2年时,229例变应性鼻炎患者VAS评分,鼻炎症状评分,药物评分均显著降低。3个年龄组间,在治疗满3个月、1年、2年时的鼻炎症状评分(H=0.844、4.153、2.669,P均>0.05)、VAS评分(H=1.356、3.720、0.313,P均>0.05)、用药评分(H=1.044、5.841、3.399,P均>0.05)均无统计学差异。治疗满2年与1年的疗效比较,仅在VAS评分上有显著差异(Z=1.635,P=0.01)。结论标准化粉尘螨滴剂SLIT对变应性鼻炎患者有良好疗效和安全性,SLIT疗效无年龄差异。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the difference of efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy on different age patients with allergic rhinitis. METHODS 229 patients with dermatophagoides farina drops allergic rhinitis who have finished SLIT at least 2 years were enrolled and analyzed by retrospective analysis. All patients were divided into different age groups： pre-adolescence（n=107）, adolescence（n=53）, adulthood（n=69）. Indexes for therapeutic effects of SLIT visual analogue scale（VAS） score, rhinitis symptom scores, medication scoreintra- and inter groups were assessed during different stage of treatment（3 months, 1 year and 2 years）. Data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software. RESULTS Compared with prior treatment, after the SLIT for 3 months, 1 year, 2 years, VAS scores, rhinitis symptom scores, medication scoresof all the patients with allergic rhinitis are significantly decreased; Differences of rhinitis symptom scores（H=0.844, 4.153, 2.669, P〉0.05）, VAS score（H=1.356, 3.720, 0.313, P 〉0.05）, medication scores（H=1.044, 5.841, 3.399, P〉0.05） between groups had no statistical significance at different stage after treatment（3 months, 1 year and 2 years）; The differences between 2 years and 1 year of SLIT treatment showed statistical significance in the VAS scores（Z=1.635, P =1.635）. CONCLUSION SLIT with dust mites drops had good curative effect and security in patients with allergic rhinitis, which hadno obvious difference between different age groups.