我国男性老年人口状况初探

A Study on the Conditions of the Old Men in China

利用"四普""五普""六普"数据,通过对有关指标的计算,探讨了我国男性老年人口的基本状况及其变化趋势,并将其与女性老年人口的相关指标进行对比。研究发现,我国男性老年人口的现状"喜忧参半":男性老年人口的增长速度快于女性老年人口,并且也出现了不断加深的高龄化趋势;终身未婚男性老年人口数量庞大,其生活状况值得关注;男性老年人口的受教育程度好于女性老年人口;与女性老年人口相比,男性老年人口对家庭成员供养的依赖程度更小;此外,虽然我国男性老年人口经济活动参与率较高,但城、镇、乡差异巨大,且参与经济活动的男性老年人口主要聚集于低端产业。

According to the data from the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Population census in China, the authors analyze the conditions of the old men in our country and compare these conditions with the old women. The study finds that the number of the old men increases faster than the old women, aging of the aged is also prominent. Furthermore, the number of life-long-not-married old men is large. Compared with the old women, the old man are well educated and less dependent on the family. Although the labor participation rate of the old man is high, there is a huge difference among city, town and rural area; the majority of the old men are engaged in the first industry.