基于SRAP标记的伊犁河谷野生杏群体遗传多样性研究

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Wild Apricot(Prunus armeniaca) Populations in the Ili Valley as Revealed by SRAP Markers

利用SRAP分子标记方法对伊犁河谷14个野生杏种群,212份种质资源的遗传多样性进行了研究。结果表明,12对SRAP引物共扩增出条带143条,其中122条具有多态性,多态性比率为85.31%。伊犁河谷野生杏仍然维持较高的遗传多样性水平(h=0.2411,I=0.3708,PPB=85.31%),吐尔根乡种群遗传多样性指数最高。伊犁河谷野生杏存在较高水平的种群内遗传变异(76.42%)和较低水平的种群间遗传变异,种群间存在温和稳健的基因流(Nm=1.3680)。UPGMA系统聚类和遗传结构分析均显示,伊犁河谷野生杏可划分为以霍城样本为主的类群Ⅰ,以巩留和伊宁样本为主的类群Ⅱ和以新源样本为主的类群Ⅲ,种群间遗传距离和地理距离存在具有统计学意义的相关性(r=0.2634,P<0.05)。

The genetic diversity of 14 wild apricot populations which include 212 apricot germplasms in the Ili Valley were detected using SRAP markers. The results showed that 12 primers amplification out 143 bands,122 bands are polymorphic,as a ratio of 85.31%. The wild apricots in the Ili Valley still maintained a relatively high level of diversity（h = 0.2411,I = 0.3708,PPB = 85.31%）and populations Tu with the highest diversity. A relatively high intraspecific genetic diversity（76.42%）and low inter-population genetic differentiation was identified with the moderate gene flow value（Nm = 1.3680）. The UPGMA and genetic structure analysis both showed that 14 wild apricot populations can be divided into predominantly Huocheng samples in subgroupⅠ,predominantly Gongliu and Yining samples in subgroup Ⅱ and predominantly Xinyuan samples in subgroup Ⅲ,and there is significant correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance（r = 0.2634,P 〈 0.05）.