摘要
[目的]研究自由饮用18~20℃温水和每日饮用豆浆对补饲育肥藏北母绵羊(S)和藏北母山羊(G)的效果。[方法]试验用羊为淘汰的2~3岁藏北母绵羊和藏北母山羊。选择350只年龄接近、体重相近的藏北母绵羊,随机分为7组,每组50只。在试验期内,对照自由放牧组母绵羊50只,每日按照农牧民放牧习惯自由放牧,晚上不予补饲;绵羊6个试验组每日按照农牧民放牧习惯白天自由放牧,晚上收牧后给予一定补饲,补饲的精料颗粒料添加量为280 g/d,燕麦青干草为自由采食。经过预试验7 d,正式试验期49 d。试验前后,对每只试验羊称重。藏北山羊分组试验同藏北绵羊。试验结束后,随机在试验处理组和对照组中各选取母羊11只屠宰,随即测定试验羊的屠宰率。[结果]在相同饮水条件下,随10%豆浆饮用量的增加,体重和屠宰率差异显著(P<0.05);在10%豆浆饮用量相同的试验组,饮水由冰水换为温水,体重和屠宰率差异极显著(P<0.01)。在不计人工投入和电费的条件下,育肥藏北母绵羊各组效益差异极显著(P<0.01)。 S4、S5和S6共3个试验组有经济效益,且随着饮水温度和豆浆量的增加,经济效益也越高(P<0.01),S6试验组每只羊可带来高达105.95元的经济效益;育肥藏北母山羊各组效益差异亦显著(P<0.01),且只有G6试验组每只羊可带来21.35元的经济效益。[结论]藏北母绵羊和藏北母山羊体重和屠宰率仍有较大的提升空间。选择合适的饲养模式对藏北母绵羊和藏北母山羊进行短期育肥,能够带来可观的经济效益。该试验研究为今后在饲草料相对缺乏的藏北牧区短期育肥绵羊和山羊提供了技术和数据参考。
[Objective]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of drinking water temperature (18-20℃) and feeding soybean milk daily on fattening of north Tibet female sheep and female goats. [Methods]A total of 350 two-to three-year-old culled north Tibet female sheep with similar weight were chosen and randomly divided into 7 groups (50 for each group). During the experimental period, 50 free-grazing female sheep in control group were grazed according to the habits of farmers and herders, and no extra night supplementary feeding was made. The female sheep in 6 experimental groups were grazed according to the habits of farmers and herders in daytime and extra night supplementary feeding was made. The supplementary amount of pelleted concentrate was 280 g/d, and the sheep were allowed to intake green hay of oats freely. The pre-experimental period was 7 days and the formal experimental period lasted 49 days. At the beginning and end of the experiment, all of the experimental sheep were weighted. The animals selection, grouping, supplementary feeding schedules, experimental period and evaluation indicator in goats experiment were the same with sheep experiment. At the end of the experiment, 11 experimental animals were chosen and slaughtered from control group and experimental group in sheep experiment and goats experiment, respectively, and the slaughter rate were subsequently determined. [Results]Under the same drinking situation, there were significant differences in weight and slaughter rate with the increase of intake amount of 10%soybean milk (P〈0.05);in the experimental groups with the same intake amount of 10% soybean milk, there were significant differences in weight and slaughter rate between the warm water drinking group and ice water drinking group (P〈0.01). Regardless of the labor engagement and electricity charge, there were significant differences in economic benefit between different groups of fattening north Tibet female sheep (P 〈0.01). The group 4, 5 and 6 in sheep experiment produced economic benefit and it was increased with the increase of drinking water temperature and intake amount of soybean milk (P〈0.01), the economic benefit of 105.95 Yuan was produced by each sheep in group 6;there were significant differences in economic benefit between different groups of fattening north Tibet female goats (P〈0.01), and economic benefit of 21.35 Yuan was produced by each goat in group 6. [Conclusion] There is still much room for improvement of weight and slaughter rate of north Tibet female sheep and goats. Applying an appropriate feeding mode for short-term fattening of north Tibet female sheep and goats can bring huge economic benefit. The results of this study provide technical references for the short-term fattening of female sheep and goats in north Tibet where feed and forage were relatively deficient.
作者
宋天增
陈晓英
马金英
张四中
SONG Tian-zeng CHEN Xiao-ying MA Jin-ying ZHANG Si-zhong(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850009,China College of Life Science and Technology,Southwest University for Nationalities,Chengdu 610041, China Tibet Naqu Region Nyima County Plateau Ecological Animal Products Co., Ltd., Nyima 853200, China)
出处
《畜牧与饲料科学》
2016年第9期50-53,共4页
Animal Husbandry and Feed Science
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-40-31)
西藏自治区农业重大专项"西藏特色家畜选育与健康养殖"
关键词
饮水温度
豆浆
藏北绵羊
藏北山羊
生长速度
屠宰率
drinking water temperature
soybean milk
north Tibet sheep
north Tibet goats
growth speed
slaughter rate