宝鸡市农村居民高血压糖尿病社区干预效果分析

Analysis on community intervention in rural residents of Baoji city of hypertension and diabetes control experimental stage effect

目的分析宝鸡市农村居民高血压、糖尿病综合干预效果,为完善有关政策提供依据。方法在宝鸡市陇县选择人口特征相近的两个行政村,随机分为干预组和对照组,对干预组15岁以上居民开展高血压、糖尿病防治知识健康教育、健康生活行为方式及患者健康管理等综合干预。采用t检验、χ^2检验、倾向性评分匹配法和倍差法等方法分析有关数据。结果经过3次、1年的综合干预,经倾向评分法匹配后用倍差法分析干预效果净效益,综合干预措施使农村居民高血压、糖尿病知识得分分别提高了4.15分和5.54分,农村居民吸烟、饮酒和高盐高脂饮食危害健康知识得分提高了2.73分、5.54分和2.65分（P〈0.05）。结论高血压、糖尿病综合干预可有效提高农村居民健康知识水平,在控制脂肪和食盐摄入方面作用明显,但在改变居民患病水平和膳食结构方面短期内效果不明显。

Objective To analyze the effect of comprehensive intervention on hypertension and diabetes in the rural residents in Baoji City, and provide the basis for the improvement of relevant policies. Methods Two administrative villages with similar demographic characteristics in Long County in Baoji city were chosen and randomly divided into intervention group and control group. The intervention group residents over the age of 15 implementation of hypertension and diabetes prevention and treatment knowledge of health education, health behavior and patient health management comprehensive measures to advance. Using t test, χ^2test, propensity score matching, difference in difference analysis of the relevant data. Results After a comprehensive intervention for a period of one year, after propensity score matching, double difference method analysis of intervention effect of net benefit, comprehensive intervention measures enable rural residents of hypertension and diabetes knowledge scores were increased by 4.15 and 5.54, rural residents, smoking, drinking and high salt diet and health hazards knowledge score increased 2.73, 5.54 and 2.65.（P〈0.05）. Conclusion In the short term,the comprehensive intervention for hypertension and diabetes can effectively improve the health knowledge level of rural residents, in the control of fat and salt intake has obvious effect, but the residents to change the prevalence level and dietary structure effect was not significant. To achieve further gains, the need for continued intervention.