美国“家庭学校”的教师资质问题论争及其启示

Controversies on Home School Teachers' Qualification in America and Its Enlightment

美国"家庭学校"的教师资质问题是一个关系到"家庭学校"生死存亡的焦点议题,同时也是教师教育路径之争的一个新战场。教师教育专业化取向的支持者与"家庭学校"的支持者就"家庭学校"的家长是否应该达到与公立学校教师相同的标准和要求展开了激烈的论争,具体涉及到教师资格证书是否反映教学能力、家长教育子女是否需要持有教师资格证书、教师评价的结果标准是否能够取代过程标准等议题。这场论争及其实践影响反映了美国教师评价体系的问题和教育改革的趋向,为我国引导和支持体制外的教育变革提供了借鉴。

The controversies over Home School teachers＇ qualification is one of the key issues related to Home School＇s existence, and it＇s a new battlefield of the debates on the orentation of teacher education. Proponents of teacher education professionalization and supports of Home School have launched a fierce debate on whether Home School parents should meet the same teacher qualification requirements with public school teachers. Several issues are discussed including whether teacher license represents teacher quality, whether parents should be required to have a teacher license to educate their own children, whether the outcome criteria could replace the course criteria for teacher evaluation, etc. The problems of teacher evaluation system and American education reform trends are reflected in the controversies and its practical influence. Besides, enlightenment from the debate could be helpful to deal with education innovation outside the school system.