高校收费和招生改革的社会影响的博弈模型分析

Analysis of the Social Impact of the Reforms of College Fees and Admissions by Game Model

针对我国高校近年来不断扩大招生规模,提高收费标准等一系列改革举措,本文用微观经济分析的方法,通过建立相应的博弈模型,具体分析了这一系列改革对学生的影响.主要结论一是高校扩招(或提高学费)增大了学生读书的机会成本,同时降低了读书的效用,但只要学生读书的效用严格大于不读的效用,高校就有动力扩大招生或提高学费);二是扩招和提高学费对学生的影响具有动态相对性,其影响力的大小与现阶段二者的相对水平有关;三是在一定条件下扩大招生规模尤其是提高收费水平会使经济条件不同的学生在是否深造和是否选择名校或热门专业上作出完全不同的抉择,产生了教育公平问题.此外还得到了关于高校改革对其自身收益影响的一些结论.

For a series of reforms-the enrollment expansion and raising tuition in colleges in our country,we use the method of microeconomic analysis,by establishing a corresponding game model,and we do the specific analysis of the influence of this series of reforms to the students.We get the following conclusions：the first is the enrollment expansion of colleges（or raise tuition）increases the student＇s opportunity cost of going to a college,at the same time reduce the utilities,but as long as utility of studying greater than no studying,there is the power to expand enrollment（or raise tuition）in colleges.Second,the effect of enrollment expansion（or raise tuition）has dynamic relativity for students,the influence is associated with heir relative level.Third,in some conditions,enrollment expansion,especially raise tuition will make the students of different economic conditions have different decisions on the studying,choosing famous college,or professional.So there are some fairness of education.The last we get some conclusions about college reform＇s impact on its earnings.