临近空间飞艇艇库外约束及稳定性分析

Constraint and stabilityanalysis of near space airship outside hangar

临近空间飞艇在发放前通常停放在艇库内,一旦离开艇库就不可避免地受到艇库外天气,尤其地面风的影响,不仅影响飞艇发放操作的快捷和安全,而且还事关飞行试验的成败。文章建立了大型飞艇在地面受两侧约束时的力学模型,采用动力学方法,分析了受到地面风作用时飞艇的姿态和约束拉力的变化,得到地面风起时和风速稳定后的解析解,评估了飞艇受到地面风作用时的稳定性和安全性。通过分析得到在两侧约束条件下飞艇对正向风和侧风的承受极限,为临近空间飞艇采用两侧约束方式的可行性提供了判据,也为今后发展临近空间飞艇发放技术提供借鉴。

Typically, the near space airship parks in the hangar before launch. As soon as near space airship leaves its hangar it will be affected by the weather and particularly by the wind, which not only affect the rapidity and security of the airship operation, but also relate to the success of the flight test. A mechanical model was established when an airship was outside its hangar with both sides restricted. The variations of airship yaw and rope tension were analyzed by using dynamic method. The analytical solution was obtained at the beginning and stable state of the wind, then, the stability and safety of an airship were also evaluated. The ultimate bearings of forward wind and crosswind on an airship outside the hangar were proposed. The result quantifies the indicators of meteorological conditions, and provides references of scientific and rational methods for the launch technology of near space airship in the future.