不同覆盖措施对南疆地区红枣产量及品质性状影响的研究

The Effects of Different Mulching Methods on the Yield and Quality for Jujube in South Xinjiang

研究不同覆盖措施对南疆地区枣树生长发育、红枣产量及品质性状的影响,从而建立最适枣园保护性耕作技术。在旋耕覆膜、旋耕秸秆覆盖、旋耕裸地和免耕裸地的条件下,测定枣树生长发育、产量及品质。结果表明:旋耕秸秆覆盖处理枣树长势最好,红枣产量较高,比免耕裸地增产32.99%,生理落果率较低,比旋耕覆膜降低47%,成熟果重量与生理落果重量比值最大。旋耕秸秆覆盖处理红枣单果质量较大,果形指数最大为1.53,可食率最高为97.33%,总酸质量分数较低,比旋耕裸地降低5%,维生素C含量最高为1.52 g/kg,比免耕裸地高40.74%。从枣树长势、红枣产量、品质指标综合分析,旋耕秸秆覆盖处理的枣树长势最好、红枣产量较高、品质最好,适合在南疆地区推广。

In this paper,four different mulching methods of rotary tillage with film mulching（ RF）,rotary tillage with straw mulching（RS）,rotary tillage without mulching（RB） and no tillage（NT） were used,the growth of jujube trees,yield and quality of jujube were investigated to explore the most suitable conservation tillage technologies in South Xinjiang. The results show that jujube grows best in the RS,the fruit yield is 32. 99% higher than that of NT. The physiological fruit drop rate of RS is 47% lower than that of RF.Mature fruit weight and physiological fruit drop weight ratio of RS is the highest. The RS has the highest fruit quality per jujube,with the maximum fruit shape index of 1. 53,edible rate was of 97. 33%,5% lower of the total acid mass fraction of jujube in contrast with the RF,the highest Vitamin C mass fraction of 1. 52 g / kg which is 40. 74% higher than that of NT. Hence the RS is the best in South Xinjiang.