集中充电站和电池更换点的联合规划选址

Joint Planning and Site Selection of Centralized Charging Station and Battery Swapping Point

完善充、换电基础设施建设,有利于电动汽车的推广普及。在"集中充电,统一配送"背景下,提出了一种集中充电站和电池更换点的联合规划选址方法。首先,以规划方案的年基建投资成本、电池配送成本和用户换电行驶成本之和最小为目标,构建联合规划选址模型。其次,基于排队理论以电池更换点的运行成本和用户等待成本综合最小为原则,优化电池更换点内的换电服务台数和换电机器人数。然后,利用加权Voronoi图划分各集中充电站和电池更换点的服务范围。最后,以包含49个路网节点区域的联合规划选址进行算例仿真,并分析了不同区域基建成本对规划选址的影响。结果表明,集中充电站和电池更换点的联合规划选址能使系统的基建投资、电池配送和用户的换电成本达到综合最优。

Infrastructure perfection for charging and swapping services would be favorable to popularization of electric vehicles（EVs）. Under background of ＂centralized charging, unified distribution＂, a co-planning method was proposed to determine location and size for centralized charging stations and battery swapping points. Firstly, a joint planning model was established, aiming to minimize summed cost of infrastructure investment, battery distribution and EV user swapping. Secondly, in principle of minimizing operating costs of battery swapping points and users＇ waiting cost, services of each battery swapping point were optimized based on queuing theory. Weighted Voronoi diagram was adopted to divide service areas of centralized charging station and battery swapping point. Finally, an analysis of the proposed method was performed for a system including 49 traffic nodes, and influence of infrastructure cost of different location on planning and site selection was analyzed. Results show that the proposed method could achieve comprehensive optimal costs of infrastructure investment, battery distribution and EV users swapping simultaneously.