南宁市某大学1078名大学生亚健康状况与膳食营养的关系

Relationship between sub-health status and dietary nutrition among 1078 college students of a university in Nanning City

目的了解大学生亚健康状况,并探讨膳食营养对其的影响。方法采用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷和食物食用频率问卷对南宁市广西医科大学1 078名大学生进行问卷调查,采用独立样本t检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果男生碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪三大营养素供能比分别为48.35%、13.27%和38.11%,女生碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪三大营养素供能比分别为51.74%、12.56%和35.43%。大学生亚健康检出率为53.43%(576/1 078),且男生亚健康检出构成比[64.69%(262/405)]高于女生[46.66%(314/673)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。亚健康症状组大学生对蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪、胆固醇、脂肪酸等营养素的摄入量均高于健康组,而对膳食纤维的摄入量低于健康组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。经多因素回归分析发现,膳食纤维为大学生亚健康状态的保护因素(P<0.01),而脂肪为大学生亚健康状态的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论亚健康状况和膳食营养存在一定的联系,应采取有效措施改善膳食营养,预防大学生亚健康状况的发生。

Objective To understand the college students′ sub-health status and the effect of dietary nutrition on it.Methods A questionnaire survey consisting of the multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescent and the food frequency questionnaire was conducted among 1 078 college students of Guangxi Medical University in Nanning City and the data were analyzed with independent-samples t test and logistic multiple factor regression analysis. Results The energy supply proportions of three major nutrients,carbohydrate,protein and fat,for schoolboys were 48.35%,13.27% and 38.11% respectively,while which for schoolgirls were 51.74%,12.56% and 35.43% respectively. The detection rate of sub-health in college students was 53.43%（576/1 078）,and the constituent ratio of sub-health in schoolboys[64.69%（262/405）] were higher than that schoolgirls[46.66%（314/673）],the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）;the intake amounts of proteins,carbohydrates,fat,cholesterol,fatty acids and other nutrients in the sub-healthy group were higher than those in the healthy group,while the intake amount of dietary fiber was lower than that in the healthy group,the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05 or 0.01）. The multiple factors regression analysis found that dietary fiber was a protective factor for college students′ sub-health status（P〈0.01）,while fat was a risk factor for college students′ sub-health status（P〈0.05）. Conclusion There is a certain correlation between sub-health status and dietary nutrition. The effective measures should be taken to improve the level of dietary nutrition and prevent the occurrence of sub-health status among college students.