俄罗斯符号学研究范式的百年嬗变

The Centennial Evolution of Russian Semiotics Research Paradigms

从作为方法论的范式视角来审视俄罗斯百年符号学史,可凸显"历史事实"中所蕴含的"历史意义",从而为准确把握其学理内涵及其发展、演化的些许规律提供依据。研究表明,就作为科学体系的世界符号学发展史而言,俄罗斯符号学对其所做出的贡献是多方面的,文艺学研究中的形式主义范式、历史学研究中的文化认知主义范式以及语言学研究中的结构—系统主义和结构—功能主义范式等,或为俄罗斯所首创,或为俄罗斯所创新,它们所体现的认知事物的符号学新方法,不仅有效拓展和深化了学界原有的思维定势,更为提升学术研究的理论和实践价值提供了范型。本文结合俄罗斯符号学百年的发展阶段,着重从研究范式嬗变视角对其学说形态及其相互关系等进行梳理和缕析,以在理论上为后续的研究提供批评依据。

The ＂historical significance＂ contained in the ＂historical facts＂ can be highlighted when we examine the centennial history of Russian Semiotics from the perspective of paradigm as the methodology, which also provides us with the basis for the accurate grasp of the theoretical connotation, and the rules of the development and evolution of Russian semiotics. Research shows that Russian Semiotics contributes a lot in many aspects to the progress of world semiotics. There are many research paradigms, either pioneered or innovated in Russia, e.g. the Formalism Paradigm in the study of literature and art, the Cultural Cognition Paradigm in the study of history and the Structure-System Paradigm and Structure-Function Paradigm in the study of linguistics. When recognizing things, this new semiotics method not only effectively expands and deepens the original academic thinking, but also sets an example for the promotion of the academic research value in theory and practice. In this paper, combined with the developmental stages of a hundred years, the author makes a review and analysis of the theoretical forms and their interrelationship from the perspective of the research paradigm evolution, and provides necessary criticizing basis and framework in theory for future research.