西比奥克建模系统理论与塔尔图学派的渊源

The Relationship between Sebeok's Modeling Systems Theory and the Tartu School

托马斯·西比奥克是当代符号学发展史上的关键人物,其符号学思想的核心就是建模系统理论,围绕作为"意义的形式"的模型及其构建方式而展开。西比奥克的建模系统理论主要是受到塔尔图学派的洛特曼和伊万诺夫的影响,但它与塔尔图学派的模拟系统概念从一开始就有着本质的不同。要想透彻理解这个看似带有形式主义色彩的关键符号学理论,就必须要认识到西比奥克的建模系统观实际上经历了两个不同时期,尤其需要注意该理论前期阶段与塔尔图学派的渊源,因为这奠定了整个建模系统理论后期发展的基本路径。

Thomas Sebeok was a key figure in the history of contemporary semiotics. At the very core of his semiotic thought is Modeling Systems Theory, which unfolds around models as ＂forms of meaning＂ and the ways of their construction. Sebeok＇ s Modeling Systems Theory was mainly under the influence of Lotman and Ivanov, but it was different than the Tartu conception of modeling systems from the very beginning. For a thorough understanding of this key semiotic theory seemingly tinted with Russian Formalism, one must realize that Sebeok＇ s view of modeling actually underwent two different phases, and particularly needs to notice the relationship between the former period and the Tartu School, as this relationship shaped the basic route of the development of the whole theory in its latter period.