不同通风条件下宾馆客房火灾场景设计的数值模拟

The CFD Simulations of Fire Scenarios Design for a Hotel Room under Different Ventilation Conditions

在对北京145家中档宾馆进行火灾荷载调查的基础上,得到了火灾荷载密度、可燃物组分比例、通风开口等影响火灾场景设计的关键参数,设计了具有代表性的宾馆客房燃料包。为了选择合适的火灾场景进行全尺寸房间火试验,采用FDS模拟来观察宾馆客房燃料包的燃烧规律,并改变通风条件以及燃料包的摆放位置,研究不同火灾场景下热释放速率、温度以及烟气浓度的变化情况,为确定实体房间火试验的火灾场景提供参考。

A fire load survey was conducted in 145 mid- ranged hotels＇ rooms in Beijing to collect typical data such as fire load density,type of combustibles,ventilation openings. Based on the analysis of the survey data,a typical fuel package was designed to be used in a hotel room. In order to choose a proper fire scenario for a full- scale room fire test,a FDS simulation was carried out to investigate the impact on a room fire in terms of different ventilation conditions and fuel package locations. The simulated results like HRR,temperature and gas concentration obtained in this study are conducive to the design and instrumentation of a room fire test.