妊娠期糖尿病的社区管理与护理研究进展

Gestational diabetes community management of pregnant women and nursing research progress

妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是指妊娠期首次发生或发现的不同程度的糖代谢异常,胰岛素抵抗(IR)和糖脂代谢紊乱为其发病的重要环节。GDM通常发生于妊娠中晚期,并可能同时合并其他类型的糖尿病。WHO将GDM列为糖尿病的独立类型。GDM患者的血糖增高可导致多种母婴不良妊娠结果,因此高度重视其血糖控制情况,可有效改善孕产妇及胎婴儿的不良妊娠结果。GDM的早期筛查、管理、治疗和护理是围产医学的重要课题,所以加强GDM孕妇的社区管理,对GDM孕妇实施心理护理,合理饮食,控制体重,安全有效的运动,指导用药,控制血糖升高,及时确诊GDM,使GDM孕妇能尽早得到治疗和护理,对降低GDM给母婴带来的身心危害有重大意义。

Gestational diabetes discovered for the first time during the important link of the disease. mellitus （GDM） refers to occur glucose metabolism abnormalities pregnancy. Insulin resistance （IR） and glucolipid metabolic disorder is GDM usually occurs in the middle period of pregnancy, and may be combined with other types of diabete at the same time. GDM is classified as an independent type of diabetes by WHO. GDM patients increased blood sugar can lead to a variety of maternal and infant adverse pregnancy outcomes, therefore it is very important to their blood sugar control, which can effectively improve maternal and infants outcomes. Early screening, treatment and care for GDM is one of the important subjects among medical. So to strengthen the community management of pregnant women with GDM, implementation of psychological care for pregnant women with GDM, reasonable diet, weight control, safe and effective exercise, medication guide, increase in blood sugar control, and timely diagnosis of GDM, treatment and care for GDM have great significance to reduce the GDM mother son to bring physical and mental harm.