天津市宁河区2010-2015年百日咳流行特征分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristic of Pertussis at Ninghe District in Tianjin during 2010-2015

目的分析天津市宁河区2010-2015年百日咳流行病学特征,为百日咳防控提供参考依据。方法对2010-2015年百日咳病例资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果2010-2015年天津市宁河区共报告55例百日咳,标化发病率为2.82/10万人口。在本区此病夏秋季高发。农村地区的发病率为2.56/10万人口,高于城区发病率（1.50/10万人口）。发病年龄≤1岁的病例占50.9%,3月内和3~6月的婴幼儿发病率分别高达186.67和120.00/10万人口。本地区2010-2015年0~6岁儿童含百日咳成分疫苗免疫接种率均在99%以上,发病人群中52.73%病例未接种百日咳疫苗或其接种史不详。发病与初次就诊的时间间隔中位数为13d。结论伴随监测的强化,百日咳的发病率明显增高;6月以内的婴幼儿是高发人群,应对之采取有效防护措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristic of pertussis at Ninghe district in Tianjin during 2010-2015, in order to provide guidance basis for the preventing and controlling pertussis . Methods The data of pertussis from National Notified Diseases Reporting systems were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiology study. Results The standardized incidence of reporting pertussis was 2.82 case per 100 000 population from 2010 to 2015.Most pertussis cases （50.9%） were mainly distributed in children aged less than 1 year. The reporting incidence in rural areas （2.56 case per 100 000 population） was higher than that in urben area （1.50 case per 100 000 population）.During the investigation 50.90% cases were children aged less than 1 year. The reporting incidence in children less than 3 months and aged between 3-6 months were higher at the same time, 186.67and 120.00 per 100 000 population, retrospectively. Although the compounds pertussis vaccine immunization rates in children under the age of 6 were above 99% in 2010- 2015, 29 report cases （52.73%） were not vaccinated or not aware of their vaccination history. The median interval incidence and first visit was 13 days. Conclusion Pertussis reporting incidence was higher when intensified surveillance. Children aged less than 6 months were easer attacked by the disease and should be protected by special strategy in the future.