牛羊角性状的分子遗传研究进展

The Molecular Genetic Advancement on Horn Traits of Cattle,Sheep and Goat

野牛、野羊一般表现为有角,家养牛、羊品种存在无角与有角的变异。家牛有角与无角性状由复等位基因P_F、P_C和p_(rs)控制,单倍型突变引起荷斯坦奶牛无角。绵羊染色体上基因片段的插入导致绵羊无角,而HOXD基因群导致绵羊多角性状。山羊染色体上一个片段的缺失导致山羊无角间性综合征。论文综述了牛、绵羊和山羊角性状相关基因的研究进展,以期为牛、羊无角品种的选育提供科学依据。

Wild cattle,wild sheep and wild goat always have horns.However,the domesticated cattle,sheep and goat show variations of polledness and hornedness horn traits.It was reported that the polled and horned traits in cattle were controlled by 3multiple alleles of PF,PCand prs.A single 202 bp insertion-deletion event(P202ID)is perfectly associated with the polled trait in European cattle and a 260 kb haplotype is perfectly associated with the polled trait in Holsteins.On Chromosome of sheep,RXFP2 is associated with polledness trait.However,the HOXDgenes are the causative mutation for the multihorned phenotype.In goats,a deletion on Chromosome leads to polled intersex syndrome(PIS).In this article,the advancements on horn-related genes of cattle,sheep and goat were reviewed,the objective is to supply the scientific base for cultivating polled cattle,goat and sheep breed,respectively.