影响荷斯坦牛犊牛初生重的因素分析

Factors Affecting the Birth Weight of Holstein Calf

为探索影响犊牛初生重的因素,收集了江苏省某奶牛场2014年度正常健康产犊的荷斯坦牛产犊记录共3 947条,分析不同公牛、出生季节、母牛胎次、是否采用性控精液、妊娠期长短对初生重的影响。结果表明:不同公牛所产犊牛的初生重差异极显著(P<0.01);夏季和冬季出生的犊牛初生重较大;第2胎出生犊牛初生重极显著高于第1胎和第3胎;是否采用性控精液对犊牛初生重无显著性影响;初生重与妊娠期长短呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。

A total of 3927 healthy calving records were collected from a large dairy farm from Jan.to Dec.of2014.The general linear model was adopted to study the effects of calving seasons,parity,sexing semen and the length of pregnancy period on birth weight.The results show that the birth weights of Holstein calf with different bulls were of significant difference(P<0.01).The birth weight of calves born in summer and autumn is the biggest.The birth weight of second parity calf was significantly higher than that of first and third parity.Sexing semen's effect showed no significant difference(P>0.05).The birth weight showed significant positive correlation with length of pregnancy period(P<0.01).The results provide a scientific reference for regulating calf birth weight,improving milk performance and decreasing dystocia.